ခင္၀မ္း ကြယ္လြန္ျခင္း ၁၅ ႏွစ္ျပည့္ အမွတ္တရ

ဂ်ပန္႔ရင္ေသြး

အၿငိမ္းစားသံအမတ္ႀကီး ဦးသက္ထြန္း

(၁၉၉၆ ခု၊ ဇန္န၀ါရီထုတ္ JAL ဂ်ပန္ေလေၾကာင္း Agora စာေစာင္ပါ ေဆာင္းပါးမွ ဘာသာျပန္ဆုိပါသည္။)

ေယာရွိအုိကာ ႏုိရိခိသည္ ဂ်ပန္ႏုိင္ငံ ေကာခ်ိနယ၌ ေမြးဖြား၍ စစ္တပ္ထဲတြင္ ေရာက္ရွိၿပီးေနာက္ မန္ခ်ဴးျပည္ (ယခု တ႐ုတ္ႏုိင္ငံအေရွ႕ေျမာက္ပုိင္း) ႏွင့္ ျမန္မာျပည္တုိ႔သုိ႔ အပုိ႔ခံရေလသည္။ ေနရာအႏွံ႔အျပားတြင္ တုိက္ခုိက္ခဲ့ရၿပီး ၁၉၄၅ ခုတုိင္ခဲ့၏။ လြတ္လပ္ေရးအတြက္ ဂ်ပန္ႏွင့္လက္တြဲခဲ့ေသာ ဗမာ့လြတ္လပ္ေရး တပ္မေတာ္သည္ စစ္ၿပီးေခတ္ကုိေမွ်ာ္မွန္း၍ အဂၤလိပ္စစ္တပ္ႏွင့္ ပူးတြဲကာ မတ္လတြင္ ဂ်ပန္စစ္တပ္ကုိ စတင္တုိက္ခုိက္ေလသည္။

ထုိအခ်ိန္၌ ေယာရွိအုိကာသည္ ျပည္ၿမိဳ႕အနီး၌ သူ႔ထက္ အသက္ႏွစ္ႏွစ္ႀကီး ေသာ ေဒၚတင္တင္ အမည္ရွိသည့္ ျမန္မာအမ်ိဳးသမီးတဦးႏွင့္ သိကြၽမ္းေလသည္။ ၁၉၄၅ ခု မတ္လတြင္ မႏၱေလးက်၍ ေမလတြင္ ရန္ကုန္က်ၿပီး ေယာရွိအုိကာသည္ ခ်ီတက္လာေသာ အဂၤလိပ္ႏွင့္ အိႏၵိယစစ္တပ္၏ သံု႔ပန္းဘ၀သုိ႔ ေရာက္သြားခါနီးအခ်ိန္တြင္ ထုိအမ်ိဳးသမီးသည္ အနီးရွိ ဘုန္းႀကီးေက်ာင္း ဆရာေတာ္ထံ ခ်ဥ္းကပ္ တုိးလွ်ဳိးေလသည္။

ဘာသာတရားကုိင္း႐ိႈင္းသည့္ ဗုဒၶဘာသာ၀င္အမ်ားစုျဖစ္ေသာ ဤႏုိင္ငံတြင္ သံဃာတုိ႔၏ ၾသဇာတိကၠမသည္ ႀကီးမားလွေပသည္။ ဆရာေတာ္၏ တပည့္အျဖစ္ ေစာင့္ေရွာက္မႈခံယူရရွိေသာ ေယာရွိအုိကာအား ဒုကၡေပးမည့္သူ (စစ္တပ္အပါအ၀င္) မည္သူမွ်မရွိပါ။ ၁၉၄၆ ခုႏွစ္တြင္ ေက်ာင္းမွထြက္ေသာ ေယာရွိအုိကာအား ဆရာေတာ္က ‘ေအာင္ခ’ ဟူေသာ ျမန္မာနာမည္ ေပးသနားပါသည္။ ႐ြာတေနရာတြင္ ေျမတကြက္ေပးသျဖင့္ ထုိေနရာတြင္ ၎တုိ႔ႏွစ္ဦး အိမ္ေထာင္က်ပါသည္။

၁၉၄၇ ခုႏွစ္ ႏုိ၀င္ဘာလတြင္ သားဦးရတနာဖြား၍ ‘ခင္၀မ္း’ ဟု ကင္ပြန္းတပ္ေလသည္။ ထုိ႔ေနာက္ ေယာရွိအုိ ကာသည္ လံု႔လ၀ီရိယစုိက္ထုတ္၍ ဆန္စက္တလံုး တည္ေထာင္ေလသည္။ ခင္၀မ္းသည္ ငယ္စဥ္ကတည္းက ဖခင္ႀကီး အလုပ္လုပ္ပံုကုိ နီးနီးကပ္ကပ္ ေတြ႔ျမင္ရေလသည္။

ေယာရွိအုိကာသည္ ျမန္မာစကား ေျပာတတ္ေသာ္လည္း စာေတာ့ မေရးတတ္ပါ။ ထုိ႔အတြက္ လုပ္ငန္းတြင္ လုိအပ္ေသာ စာ႐ြက္စာတမ္းတုိ႔ကုိ ျပဳစုရန္ သားအေပၚအားထား၍ သား ျမန္ျမန္ႀကီးျပင္းပါေစဟု အေဖႀကီးက တဖြဖြ ေတာင့္တေနခဲ့၏။ ခင္၀မ္းသည္ မူလတန္းေက်ာင္း ႏွစ္တန္း၌ ေနစဥ္ကတည္းက ဖခင္ကုိယ္စား ေဆာင္႐ြက္ခဲ့၏။

ခင္၀မ္းသည္ မူလတန္းေက်ာင္း မ၀င္မီကတည္းက သူ႔ဖခင္ ဂ်ပန္လူမ်ိဳးျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း သိရွိခဲ့၏။ ၎အခ်က္ကုိ သတိေပးခံရသည့္ေန႔ ေရာက္လာခဲ့၏။ သူငယ္ခ်င္းမ်ား ေရွ႕ေမွာက္၌ပင္ တတန္းလံုးေရွ႕၌ ကုလားထုိင္ေပၚ မတ္တပ္ရပ္ေစၿပီး …

“မင္းဟာ ဂ်ပန္႔သား၊ ဂ်ပန္ေတြ ဒီတုိင္းျပည္မွာ ဘာေတြလုပ္သြားသလဲ မင္းသိလား” ဟု ဆရာက ေဒါသတႀကီး ေျပာၾကားေန၏။၊ ဆရာသည္ စစ္ဒဏ္ခံခဲ့သူ တေယာက္ေပ။ မိမိႏုိင္ငံကုိ စစ္မီးေတာက္ထဲ သြင္းသည့္ ႏုိင္ငံကုိ အေကာင္းျမင္မည္မဟုတ္။ စစ္ေဘးဒဏ္ကုိ မေမ့ၾကေသး။ ထုိ႔အျပင္ တုိင္းျပည္တြင္း အမ်ိဳးသားစိတ္ဓာတ္ တက္ႂကြေနသည့္အခါလည္းျဖစ္၊ ခင္၀မ္းမွာ အေတာ္ စိတ္ထိခုိက္သြား၏။ အိမ္ျပန္ေရာက္ေသာ္ အသံထြက္ၿပီး ငုိေႂကြးမိ၏။ သို႔ေသာ္ ခင္၀မ္းသည္ ဖခင္ႀကီးအား ေက်ာင္း၌ ျဖစ္ပ်က္ခဲ့သည့္ ကိစၥကုိ ျပန္မေျပာေပ။

“ေ၀းလံတဲ့ ႏုိင္ငံကလာ၊ တစိမ္းေတြၾကား ေနရတဲ့ အေဖႀကီးကုိ စိတ္မခ်မ္းသာတဲ့ကိစၥ မသိေစခ်င္ဘူး”

ခင္၀မ္းသည္ အသက္ ၄၀ ျပည့္သည့္ေန႔တုိင္ ဤကိစၥကုိ ဖခင္ႀကီးထံမွ ဖံုးကြယ္ထားခဲ့၏။ ဤအေၾကာင္းကုိ ေျပာျပသည့္အခါ ဖခင္ႀကီးသည္ တညလံုး စကားမေျပာ။ ထုိစဥ္က မေျပာရေကာင္းလားဟု သားကုိ မဆူ႐ံုတမယ္သာ။

မိမိသည္ ဂ်ပန္႔ရင္ေသြးမွန္း အသိေပးခံရၿပီးေနာက္ ခင္၀မ္းသည္ ဂ်ပန္၌ အစ္ကုိမ်ားရွိေၾကာင္းကုိလည္း သိရွိေလသည္။ ဖခင္ႀကီး စစ္မထြက္မီ လက္ထပ္ခဲ့ရာ ဂ်ပန္၌ သားႏွစ္ေယာက္ ထြန္းကားခဲ့၏။ “က်ေနာ္တုိ႔က အေဖႀကီးကုိ လုယူထားသလုိ စိတ္ထဲမွာ ခံစားမိပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္မုိ႔ ဟုိဘက္အိမ္ေထာင္စုက ဘယ္လုိ သေဘာထားသလဲဆုိတာကုိ အျမဲသိခ်င္ေနခဲ့ပါတယ္”

ဖခင္ႀကီးသည္ အလုပ္ႀကိဳးစားလုပ္၍ ဆန္စက္ကုိ တုိးခ်ဲ႕၊ ဂ်ပန္ျပည္က ေဆြမ်ိဳးေတြထံ ပုိက္ဆံမွန္မွန္ပုိ႔၏။ ခင္၀မ္းသည္ ကေလးဘ၀ထဲက ပံုဆြဲ၀ါသနာပါ၏။ ကိုယ့္ဘာသာကုိယ္ သင္ၾကားေသာ ပံုဆြဲပညာ ျဖစ္ေသာ္လည္း လက္ရာမ်ားႏွင့္အတူ တျဖည္းျဖည္း နာမည္ထြက္လာ၏။ တကၠသုိလ္ တတိယႏွစ္တြင္ အိမ္ေထာင္ျပဳ၏။ ယခု မိန္းခေလး ၄ ေယာက္၏ အေဖ ျဖစ္ေနေလၿပီ။

ႏွစ္ႏွစ္ၾကာမွ ေက်ာင္းျပန္၀င္ရေလရာ ထုိကာလအတြင္း ခင္၀မ္းသည္ ဂ်ပန္ေျမကုိ နင္းေလသည္။ ဂ်ပန္ရွိ ဦးေလးေတာ္သူက ေက်ာင္းတခု၌ ပံုဆြဲဆရာအျဖစ္ ထမ္း႐ြက္ေန၏။ ထုိေနရာ၌ ခင္၀မ္းသည္ အစ္ကုိႏွစ္ေယာက္ႏွင့္ ေတြ႔ရ၏။

ေကာခ်ိနယ္ေျမ၏ ေျမအေနအထားေၾကာင့္လား သုိ႔မဟုတ္ အိမ္ေထာင္စု ႐ႈပ္ေထြးမႈေၾကာင့္လားမသိ။ အစ္ကုိႀကီးသည္ အရက္ႀကိဳက္၏။ ေတြ႔ေတြ႔ခ်င္း ညီကုိ ခြင့္လႊတ္၏။ “အရက္မေသာက္ရင္ ငါ့ညီ မျဖစ္ဘူးကြ” ဟု ရယ္႐ႊန္းေျပာဆုိ၍ အရက္အတူတူေသာက္ရင္း စကားလက္ဆံုက်ၾက၏။

ဂ်ပန္က ျပန္လာၿပီး ေက်ာင္းျပန္တက္ ဘြဲ႔ယူ ပန္းခ်ီဆက္ဆြဲ၏။ ထုိ႔ေနာက္ ၂၇ ႏွစ္အ႐ြယ္တြင္ စိတ္ကူးရၿပီး သီခ်င္းစပ္ဆုိ၏။

“သီခ်င္းစပ္ရတာ စိတ္၀င္စားဖုိ႔ေကာင္းလုိ႔”

သီခ်င္းသားမွာ ျမန္မာလုိ၊ ျမန္မာတြင္ အိႏိၵယက လာေသာ ပါဠိစကားရွိ၏။ ဂ်ပန္တြင္ ခန္ဂ်ီ (တ႐ုတ္စာ) ရွိသလုိ။ ျမန္မာႏွင့္ ပါဠိစကား ေရာထားေသာ သီခ်င္းမ်ားျဖစ္၏။ သီခ်င္းေခါင္းစဥ္တြင္ ပါဠိစကား သံုးထား၏။ ပညာတတ္လူတန္းစားတုိ႔ ႀကိဳက္ႏွစ္သက္ေသာ သီခ်င္းမ်ားျဖစ္၏။

ခင္၀မ္း၏ မိတ္ေဆြ ေရဒီယိုအဆုိေက်ာ္ ၀ါးခယ္မ ဦးရဲေမာင္က ဆုိသည္မွာ “ဘယ္သူမဆုိ စတားျဖစ္ခ်င္ေနၾကတဲ့အၾကား ခင္၀မ္းက ဒီလုိ စိတ္မ်ိဳးမထားဘူး။ စြမ္းရည္မရွိလုိ႔ မဟုတ္ဘူး။ ကုိယ့္အေပၚကုိယ္ ယံုၾကည္မႈရွိလုိ႔ ျဖစ္ရမယ္”

ခင္၀မ္းအား ဖခင္ေသြးနဲ႔ သီခ်င္း၀ါသနာ အဆက္အသြယ္ရွိမရွိ ေမးၾကည့္မိရာ “အေဖက ဂ်ပန္ျဖစ္တာနဲ႔ သီခ်င္း၀ါသနာပါတာနဲ႔ မဆုိင္ဘူး။ အခုထိ သီခ်င္းေတြက sentimental၊ ေနာက္ကုိေတာ့ blues ေရးခ်င္တယ္”

blues ဆုိသည္မွာ ေပ်ာ္႐ႊင္ဖြယ္ အေတြ႔အၾကံဳႏွင့္ ထီးတည္းက်န္မႈကုိ ႏွစ္ဆုိထားေသာ သီခ်င္းျဖစ္၏။ ခင္၀မ္းတြင္ ညီႏွစ္ေယာက္ ညီမတေယာက္ရွိ၏။ ဖခင္ႀကီးမွာ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံသား ခံယူထားေသာ္လည္း ေမာင္ႏွမေတြကေတာ့ ဂ်ပန္နာမည္မ်ား ရွိၾက၏။ ခင္၀မ္းကုိ ေယာရွိအုိကာကိခ်ိအုိဟူ၎ ဘ၀ေပ်ာ္႐ႊင္မႈကုိ ဆုေတာင္းၿပီး မွည့္ေခၚထား၏။ သူ႔ေအာက္ ေယာက်္ားကေလးမွာ ယခင္အႏွစ္ ၂၀ ကပင္ ဂ်ပန္ႏုိင္ငံသား ခံယူ၍ အုိဆာကာ၍ ေနထုိင္လ်က္ရွိသည္။ ဖခင္ႀကီးသည္ က်န္းက်န္းမာမာႏွင့္ ျပည္ၿမိဳ႕၌ ေနထုိင္လ်က္ရွိသည္။

“ေဖေဖ့မွာ ဘူရွီဒုိ စိတ္ဓာတ္ရွိတယ္။ ဂ်ပန္စစ္႐ံႈးလုိ႔ ဂ်ပန္ျပည္ကုိ မၾကည့္ခ်င္ေတာ့။ ဒါေပမယ့္ ျမန္မာျပည္မွာေတာ့ မ႐ံႈးခ်င္ဘူး။ ေဆြမ်ိဳးေတြကုိေကာ ေတြ႔တဲ့လူေတြကုိေကာ ႐ံႈးတဲ့ ပံုပန္းသ႑ာန္ မျပခ်င္ဘူး။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ တအားကုန္ ႀကိဳးစားၾကံ႕ၾကံ႕ခံေနတာပဲ”

ယေန႔စာရင္း၀င္ ဌာနီမျပန္ ဂ်ပန္စစ္သည္ ဦးေရမွာ မမ်ားလွ။ အသက္ႀကီးရင့္လာၾကၿပီး တမလြန္ဘ၀ကူးၾကသူ မ်ားလာ၍ ျဖစ္ေလသည္။ သုိ႔ေသာ္ စာရင္း၀င္သည္ထက္ ေက်ာ္လြန္၍ ျမန္မာျပည္အေနာက္ပုိင္း၊ ေျမာက္ပုိင္းရွိ ေတာင္ကုန္းေဒသတုိ႔ကုိ ဗဟုိျပဳသည့္ေနရာတုိ႔တြင္ ဌာနီမျပန္ ဂ်ပန္စစ္သည္တုိ႔ ရွိသည္ဆုိေသာ ေကာလာဟလသည္ ယေန႔တုိင္ မစဲေသးေပ။

တ႐ုတ္နယ္စပ္အနီး ဂ်ပန္စစ္သည္တေယာက္ႏွင့္ ရန္သူ ၁၀ ေယာက္တုိ႔ တုိက္ခုိက္ခဲ့ၾကသည္ဟုဆုိေသာ ရွမ္းျပည္နယ္ မိမိ၏ အတိတ္ႏွင့္ပတ္သက္၍ တခြန္းမွမေျပာဘဲ လန္ျခားဆြဲသူအျဖစ္ ဘ၀အဆံုးသတ္သြားေသာ ဂ်ပန္စစ္သားတဦး ရွိခဲ့၏။ သူ႔ကုိ လူေတြက ‘ဦးဂ်ပန္’ ဟု ေခၚၾက။ ဌာနီမျပန္သည့္ စစ္သည္။ သူ႔ဇနီး၊ သူ၏ ကေလးမ်ား ၎တုိ႔အသီးသီးတြင္ ထူးျခားေသာ လူ႔သဘာ၀ရွိၾက၏။ ။

JAPANESE OFFSPRING
Retired Ambassador U Thet Tun
(Translated from an article in the January 1996 issue of JAL's "Agora".)

Yoshioka Noriki was born in Kochi, Japan, and after enlistment in the army was sent to Manchuria (now North East China) and Myanmar. He fought in various places until 1945. Myanmar Army which collaborated with the Japanese for the sake of Independence launched its resistance against the Japanese Army in March in cooperation with the British Army with a view to postwar Independence.

At that time Yoshioka had met near Prome a Myanmar woman two years his senior by the name of Daw Tin Tin. Mandalay fell in March, 1945 and Rangoon in May 1945. Before Youshioka saw taken prisoner by the advancing English and Indian Army, Daw Tin Tin approached the sayadaw (presiding monk) of a nearby monastery.

The influence of sangha in this predominantly Buddhist country is great. As a disciple under the protection of the sayadaw, Yoshioka was unharmed by anybody including the army. On leaving the monastery Yoshioka was give the Myanmar name of "Aung Kha" by the Sayadaw. On a plot of land in the village also give by the sayadaw the two set up a home.

The first born son in November 1947 was named "Khin One". Working hard, Yoshioka built a rice mill. Khin One observed from close quarters how his father worked.

Yoshioka could speak Myanmar but could not write it. Relying therefore upon his son for documentation work, Yoshioka looked forward to his son's growing up. Khin One was helping his father since the second standard primary.

Even before he entered the primary school, Khin One was aware of the Japanese identity of his father. At school the day soon arrived when he was reminded of it - in the presence of his classmates. Made to stand on a chair in front of the whole class, he was told,

"You are son of a Japanese. Do you know what the Japanese did in this country?"
by an angry teacher, apparently a victim of depredations of the war. Naturally one would not think well of a country which threw his into war flames. And one would not as yet have forgotten the damage done by the war, especially at a time of rising nationalist feelings.

Khin One was greatly upset and on return home broke down and cried aloud. However, he did not let his father know what transpired at school.

"I didn't want to upset my old man who has come from afar and has to live among strangers."
Uptil his fortieth birthday Khin One hid this incident from his father. When he finally revealed it, the old man remained silent the whole night except to reprimand Khin One for not having informed him then and there.
When the Japanese identity of his father was made known to Khin One, he was simultaneously informed that he has two half-brothers in Japan out of the prewar marriage of his father.

"We felt we had robbed them of their father. So we always wanted to find out how the other side of the family was taking it."

The father worked hard, expanded his rice mill and made regular remittances to his family in Japan.

Khin One was fond of drawing since childhood. Though self-taught, his drawing gradually made a name for him. He married in the third year of the university and is now father of four girls.

Re-admitted only two years later, Khin One in the meantime took the opportunity of visiting Japan. An uncle was teaching drawing at a school and at his place Khin One met his two Japanese half-brothers.

Either because of the good earth of Kochi or of domestic complications, the elder brother was fond of drinks. Instantly forgiving his younger brother, he jokingly said,

"If you don't drink, you cannot be my brother",
and drinking together fell into conversation.

On return from Japan, Khin One completed his degree course and continued drawing. Then at 27, he became inspired to compose music.

"It's interesting to write songs."

As Japanese has kanjis in it, Myanmar has Pali words. Khin One's songs use Pali titles and a mixed language text, which is much appreciated by the educated class.

According to Khin One's friend, radio vocalist Wakema U Ye Maung, "While everybody wants to become a "star", Khin One has no such ambition. It's not because of lack of talent. It must be because of lack of self-confidence."

When asked if there was a connection between his Japanese blood and love of music, Khin One replied, "There's no causal relation between Japanese blood and love of music. Up to now my songs have been sentimental. From now on, I'd like to write "blues".

"Blues" are a mixture of joyful experience and solitude.

Khin One has two brothers and one sister. Although the father has adopted Myanmar citizenship, the children have Japanese names. Khin One is named Yoshioka Kichio or Joie de vivre. His younger brother has taken Japanese nationality since 20 years ago and now lives in Osaka. His father still lives on in good health in Pyay.

"Father has bushido spirit. He didn't want to see Japan because Japan has lost (the war). But he doesn't want to lose out in Myanmar. He doesn't want to present a losing posture neither to his relatives nor to people he meets. That's why he works so hard and stands firm."

Japanese soldiers listed today as non-returnees are not that many. Partly because they have aged and some have passed away. But rumours persist that outside the list, there are non-returnees in the West of Myanmar and in the hilly regions of the North.

In the Shan States near the Chinese border where there was reported to have been a fight between one Japanese soldier and 10 enemy soldiers, there was a Japanese soldier who ended his days as a rickshaw puller never relating his past. He was known as "U Japan".

The Japanese soldier who did not go home, his spouse, his children, each has his/her special characteristics.

(www.mchronicle.com.mm မွ ကူးယူေဖာ္ျပပါသည္။)